What is Type 2 diabetes and its Symptoms and causes?

What is Type 2 diabetes and its Symptoms and causes?

Type-2 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes, in accounting for around 90% of all diabetes cases.

It has generally optimized by insulin resistance, where the body does not fully respond to insulin. Because insulin can’t work properly, blood glucose levels keep rising, releasing more insulin. For some people having type-2 diabetes this can eventually exhaust the pancreas, resulting in the body producing less and less insulin, causing even higher blood sugar levels, it also called as hyperglycaemia.

Type 2 diabetes is most commonly diagnosed in older adults, but now a days it is increasingly seen in children, adolescents and younger adults due to rising levels of obesity, stress, lack of physical activity and poor diet etc.

·        The mainspring of type-2 diabetes management is always to take a healthy diet, increased physical activity and maintaining a healthy body weight. Oral medication and insulin are also frequently prescribed to help control blood glucose levels.

Causes-

Several risk factors (SRF) have been associated with type-2 diabetes and include:

·        Unhealthy diet

·        Physical inactivity

·        Increasing age

·        Family history of diabetes

·        Overweight

·        High blood pressure

·        History of gestational diabetes

·        Poor nutrition during pregnancy

·        Ethnicity

·        Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT)*

* Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is a grade of higher than normal blood glucose, but below the threshold for diagnosing diabetes.

Changing in diet timing and physical activity related to rapid development have led to sharp increases in the numbers of people living with type-2 diabetes.

Symptoms of type 2 diabetes

Majorly the symptoms of type 2-diabetes are similar to those of type-1 diabetes and include:

·        Lack of energy, tiredness

·        Slow healing wounds

·        Recurrent infections in the skin

·        Excessive thirst and dry mouth

·        Frequent urination

·        Blurred vision

·        Tingling or numbness in hands and feet.

These symptoms can be mild or absent and so people having type-2 diabetes may live several years with the condition before being diagnosed.