Now-a-day’s Diabetes is a common disease and growing tension around the world.
Diabetes has affected more than 246 million people worldwide with a majority of them being women. According to the WHO report, by 2025 its figure expected to rise to over 380 million. The disease has been named the fifth deadliest disease with no imminent cure in sight. With the rise of IT sector and its continued development into the medical and healthcare sector, the cases of diabetes as well as their symptoms are well documented. The research hopes to propose a quicker & efficient technique of diagnosing the disease, leading to timely treatment of the patients.

It is important to know what the diabetic really means. And how it starts?

What is Diabetes?

Diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs because when the pancreas is no longer able to make insulin, or when the body cannot make good use of the insulin it produces.

What is Insulin?

Insulin is a hormone made by the pancreas in our body, that acts like a key to let glucose from the food we eat pass from the blood stream into the cells in the body to produce energy. All carbohydrate foods are broken down into glucose in the blood, Insulin helps to glucose get into the cells. 
Not being able to produce insulin or use it effectively leads to raised glucose levels in the blood is called hyperglycaemia. Over the long-term high glucose levels are associated with damage to the body and failure of various organs and tissues too.

Diabetes is a disease it occurs when the insulin production in the body is inadequate or the body is unable to use the produced insulin in a proper manner or slowly, as a result, this leads to high blood glucose occurs. The body cells break down the food into glucose and this glucose needs to be transported to all the cells of the body. The insulin is the hormone that directs the glucose that is produced by breaking down the food into the body cells. Any change in the production of insulin leads to an increase in the blood sugar levels and this can lead to damage to the tissues.

Generally a person is considered to be suffering from diabetes, when blood sugar levels are above normal i.e from 4.4 to 6.1 mmol/L. There are three main types of diabetes, there are- Type 1, Type 2 and Gestational.

  •  Type-1 diabetes can develop at any age, but its seen it occurs most frequently in children and adolescents. When you have type 1 diabetes, then your body produces very little or no insulin, which means that you need daily insulin injections to maintain blood glucose levels under control.
  •  Type-2 diabetes is common in adults and accounts for around 90% of all diabetes cases. When you have type-2 diabetes, then your body does not make good use of the insulin that it produces. The cornerstone of type-2 diabetes treatment is healthy lifestyle, including increased physical activity and healthy diet are very necessary. However, over time most people suffering from type 2 diabetes will require oral drugs and/or insulin to keep their blood glucose levels under control. 
  • Gestational diabetes (GDM) is a type of diabetes that consists of high blood glucose during the pregnancy and also associated with the complications with both mother and child. GDM generally disappears after pregnancy but women and their child are always at increased risk of developing type-2 diabetes in later life.